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What are the July Declaration's 28 points?
The nation is celebrating July Uprising Day (August 5) for the first time. All parties to the revolt were present as Professor Muhammad Yunus, the interim government's chief advisor, gave out the July Declaration on the occasion of the day.
He attended Tuesday's 5 p.m. reading of the July Declaration at the National Parliament's South Plaza in the capital. His proclamation reading program was later aired live on Bangladesh Television.
For Bangladesh readers, the precise declaration is provided:
1. In the long-term continuation of the anti-colonial struggle, the people of this land formed a mass resistance against the indiscriminate genocide and stood against the exploitation and deprivation of the Pakistani dictators for 23 years. On March 26, 1971, they declared their independence and established the state of Bangladesh through a bloody liberation war for the purpose of national liberation;
And
2. While, through a protracted campaign and struggle, the entire population of Bangladesh has made the greatest sacrifices to achieve the goal of establishing a liberal democratic state in this territory on the foundation of equality, human dignity, and social justice as expressed in the Declaration of Independence;
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3. Whereas the post-independence Awami League government failed to realize the aspirations of the people in the Liberation War and weakened the efficacy of democracy and state institutions due to the structural flaws and abuses of the constitutional drafting system of independent Bangladesh in 1972;
And
4. In contrast to the democratic system of government that was the primary tenet of independence, the Awami League government founded a constitutional one-party regime under the name of Baksal and removed the judiciary and freedom of expression. This led to the united revolution of the Sepoys and the people on November 7, 1975, which cleared the path for the restoration of multi-party democracy, freedom of expression, and judiciary independence in place of the one-party Baksal system.
And
5. In contrast, the 1990 mass uprising and the 1991 restoration of the parliamentary democratic system of government were the result of the masses' and students' relentless nine-year fight against the military dictatorship in the 1980s.
And
6. Whereas the conspiratorial system of 1/11 prepared the way for Sheikh Hasina's exclusive control, supremacy, and fascism in Bangladesh as a result of the democratic process of government transition being disrupted by both foreign and internal conspiracies;
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7. Whereas the path to establishing one-party exclusive power and dominance was paved by illegal and undemocratic changes made to the constitution with the intention of establishing the fascist, anti-people, and undemocratic regime of the last sixteen long years, as well as to satisfy the most extreme desire to establish a one-party state system;
And
8. In contrast, mismanagement, extrajudicial executions, restriction of free speech, and constitutional amendments and changes that favor one party dismantled all of Bangladesh's governmental and constitutional institutions by the Awami League regime of Sheikh Hasina;
However, under Hasina's rule, a very anti-people, autocratic, and human rights violating force turned Bangladesh into a failed state, fascist organization, and mafia, damaging the country's reputation abroad;
And
10. Whereas, under the fascist leadership of Sheikh Hasina, the previous corrupt Awami League government destroyed Bangladesh and its enormous economic potential and endangered its environment, biodiversity, and climate through unrestrained corruption, bank looting, money laundering, and the destruction of economic institutions in the name of so-called development;
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11. Whereas, in a continuous democratic struggle against Sheikh Hasina's fascist government, individuals from all walks of life, including political parties, students, and labor organizations, have endured incarceration, oppression, attacks, cases, disappearances, murders, and extrajudicial killings for the past sixteen years;
And
12. Whereas the Awami League administration, which is dominated by outside powers, used violent force to stifle the rightful movement of our nation's citizens against the unfair control, exploitation, and monitoring of foreign nations in Bangladesh;
And
13. Whereby the Awami League administration denied the people of this nation the ability to vote and representation in three farcical elections (the National Parliament elections in 2014, 2018, and 2024) in order to unlawfully stay in power;
And
14. In contrast, during the Awami League era, quota-based discrimination in government positions and exclusive party recruiting led to severe ire among students, job seekers, and citizens, as well as the horrific torture of dissident political leaders and activists, students, and youth;
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15. While the public has long been incensed at the severe repression of opposition political parties and organizations, the populace has persisted in opposing fascism by embracing all available legal avenues;
And
16. Whereas the Awami League government engaged in widespread repression, cruel torture, and inhumane killings during the student movement against discrimination to end the discriminatory quota system in government jobs and prevent corruption, which caused the violent mass protests of students and the public, regardless of party or opinion, throughout the country to turn into a mass uprising;
And
17. In the final stages of the movement, military personnel backed the people's democratic struggle, while people from all walks of life, including political parties, religious, social, cultural, professional, and labor organizations, joined the unstoppable student uprising against the fascist forces; the Awami fascist forces indiscriminately killed approximately 1,000 people, including women and children, on the streets, leaving countless others blind and crippled;
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18. In the final phase of the fierce movement of all political parties, students, and the people, including all classes and professions, who were in the anti-fascist movement, fascist Sheikh Hasina was forced to resign on August 5, 2024, in the face of the people's turbulent march towards Ganobhaban, after the people began a non-cooperation movement in response to the call of the anti-discrimination student movement;
And
19. In the face of Bangladesh's political and constitutional crises, the people's belief and exercise of sovereignty, as manifested via the mass revolt, are lawful, internationally recognized, and justifiable from a political and legal standpoint;
And
20. In light of the Supreme Court's ruling and the people's demands, the illegitimate 12th National Parliament was dissolved, and on August 8, 2024, an interim government led by Dr. Muhammad Yunus was formally established in accordance with Article 106 of the Constitution;
21. In contrast, the masses' and students' rebellion demonstrated the strong anti-fascist sentiments of Bangladeshis at all levels and the desire to create a society and state free from corruption, discrimination, and fascism;
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22. In order to ensure good governance and fair elections, prevent the recurrence of fascist rule, uphold the rule of law, and promote economic and social justice, the people of Bangladesh thus declare their intention to implement democratic reforms of the current constitution and all state and constitutional institutions in a methodical manner;
And
23. Consequently, the people of Bangladesh declare their resolute determination to bring swift and proper legal action against the fascist Awami League government for the crimes of disappearances, murder, genocide, crimes against humanity, torture, oppression, and looting of state property during the 16-year anti-fascist movement and struggle, as well as during the July 2024 mass uprising;
And
24. As a result, the people of Bangladesh declare their determination to honor all of the martyrs of the July People's Uprising as national heroes and to grant the relatives of the fallen, injured, and protesting students all the legal protection they require.
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25. Accordingly, the people of Bangladesh declare their intention to establish a democratic state system based on human rights and the rule of law, a society free from exploitation and corruption, and a society that is non-discriminatory and values-based. This will be in line with the expectations of the nation's citizens, particularly the aspirations of the younger generation, and will be achieved through the necessary constitutional reforms promised in the National Parliament, which will be formed through free, fair, and impartial elections that will be held in a reasonable amount of time.
And
26. As a result, the people of Bangladesh convey their hope that an inclusive, climate-tolerant, and sustainable development plan will safeguard the rights of both the current and future generations.
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27. The people of Bangladesh declare that they want the Student Uprising 2024 to be recognized by the state and the constitution, and they want this declaration to be part of the schedule for the new constitution of the government that is chosen in the next election.
And
28. The aspirations of the people of Bangladesh, who triumphed in the popular revolt on August 5, 2024, were reflected in the adoption of this Declaration.
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